特殊天气城市复杂环境温度观测疑误数据的合理性分析     

傅新姝  谈建国 《气象》2015,41(12):1531-1537

对温度观测资料进行质量控制时,僵值和突变是常见的疑误类型,针对城市复杂环境中僵值和突变疑误数据进行研究,对降低城市自动站温度资料质量控制的误检率有重要价值。文章针对城市复杂环境（以上海世博园为例）中18个自动气象站一年（2010年5月至2011年4月）逐时温度资料进行质量控制,着重探讨僵值及突变疑误数据的分布特征和可能原因。结果表明：（1）僵值疑误数据集中出现在冬季夜间,局地性强。阴天或多云天气,通风不佳的测站感热项较小,易出现僵值过程,最长持续11 h。（2）温度突变疑误数据可分“突升”和“突降”两类,“突升”集中出现在秋冬季,而“突降”集中在春夏季;“突升”集中出现在日出前后,而“突降”主要出现在午后至夜晚,“突升”局地性强而“突降”各站间趋同性较强。分析发现,城市复杂环境下,日照突然增加或减少以及午后短时强降水是导致温度突变疑误数据的主要原因。因此,这些“疑误”数据是城市复杂环境影响或特定天气条件导致的,为真实有效的观测资料。针对城市复杂环境下的温度观测资料开展质量控制时,需结合观测环境等元数据进一步甄别。  相似文献   

利用地基多通道微波辐射计遥感反演华北持续性大雾天气温、湿度廓线的检验研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

郭丽君  郭学良 《气象学报》2015,73(2):368-381

地基多通道微波辐射计可提供高时间分辨率的大气温、湿度和液态水含量廓线遥感探测数据,为大气层结及云雾形成和演变特征研究提供了重要手段,但对其观测数据的可靠性检验研究很少。本研究在对比晴空MonoRTM模拟亮温和微波辐射计观测亮温的基础上,利用华北地区2009—2013年11个雾天气过程的170个时次(其中30个为雾发生时次)的探空数据,检验了美国Radiometrics 35通道MP-3000A型微波辐射计(Microwave Radiometer Profiles,MWRP)探测的温度、水汽密度和相对湿度数据,并结合系留气艇和CloudSat云雷达等观测资料,检验了典型雾个例的MWRP反演的温、湿度廓线数据。与探空数据的比较表明,两者的温度(T)数据的相关系数超过0.98,水汽密度(ρ)的相关系数超过0.95,但相对湿度(RH)的相关系数只有0.67左右。总样本误差分析中MWRP反演的T比探空偏低约3℃,ρ的均方根误差(E)在1 g/m~3以内,RH在1—7 km高度偏大,总样本RH垂直平均E在18%左右,雾天时的RH垂直平均E在23%左右。与系留气艇观测数据比较表明,MWRP反演的T也偏低,但两种探测方式的T和RH在指示雾的发展演变过程中具有很好的一致性。CloudSat云雷达数据验证了MWRP反演显示中高层出现高RH区与云的存在有关。  相似文献   

Synergistic contribution of precipitation anomalies over northwestern India and the South China Sea to high temperature over the Yangtze River Valley   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ge Liu  Renguang Wu  Shuqing Sun  Huimei Wang 《大气科学进展》2015,32(9):1255-1265

This study explores the characteristics of high temperature anomalies over eastern China and associated influencing factors using observations and model outputs. Results show that more long-duration (over 8 days) high temperature events occur over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley (YRV) than over the surrounding regions, and control most of the interannual variation of summer mean temperature in situ. The synergistic effect of summer precipitation over the South China Sea (SCS) region (18°-27°N, 115°-124°E) and the northwestern India and Arabian Sea (IAS) region (18°-27°N, 60°-80°E) contributes more significantly to the variation of summer YRV temperature, relative to the respective SCS or IAS precipitation anomaly. More precipitation (enhanced condensational heating) over the SCS region strengthens the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and simultaneously weakens the westerly trough over the east coast of Asia, and accordingly results in associated high temperature anomalies over the YRV region through stimulating an East Asia-Pacific (EAP) pattern. More precipitation over the IAS region further adjusts the variations of the WPSH and westerly trough, and eventually reinforces high temperature anomalies over the YRV region. Furthermore, the condensational heating related to more IAS precipitation can adjust upper-tropospheric easterly anomalies over the YRV region by exciting a circumglobal teleconnection, inducing cold horizontal temperature advection and related anomalous descent, which is also conducive to the YRV high temperature anomalies. The reproduction of the above association in the model results indicates that the above results can be explained both statistically and dynamically.  相似文献   

桑托斯盆地L构造Aptian期火山喷发旋回特征与Itapema组介壳灰岩沉积     

赵健  赵俊峰  任康绪  王红平  王朝锋  阳孝法  杨柳 《地质学报》2023,97(2):539-552

桑托斯盆地裂陷初期岩浆活动与储层发育关系密切。本文以盆地L区块火成岩-介壳灰岩复合体为研究对象,通过对火成岩岩石学、年代学测试及钻井、测井资料分析等,首次明确了桑托斯盆地裂陷初期岩浆活动特征及其对介壳灰岩沉积过程的控制,并指出介壳灰岩储层的分布特征。L区块内火成岩分属晚白垩世Santonian期—Campanian期和早白垩世Aptian两期岩浆活动产物,并以Aptian期为主,至少经历了7次不连续喷发和3次侵入过程,形成了块状玄武岩、杏仁状玄武岩和玻基斑状玄武岩(含再沉积玻基斑状玄武岩)等喷发相火成岩和以辉绿岩(局部属粗玄岩)、煌斑岩形式产出的侵入相火成岩。Aptian期岩浆多期活动重塑了古地貌,形成了局部构造凸起,促成并控制了下白垩统Itapema组至少6期介壳灰岩沉积,最终形成了～620 m厚火成岩-介壳灰岩复合体。介壳灰岩储层呈透镜体形状,以“散点式”不连续分布在Aptian期盆内古隆、古断阶(坡)等区域,横向连续性差,垂向连通性受限,其发育规模和质量受古地貌及水深条件等影响。  相似文献   

多期构造变形事件对吉林南部大横路Cu- Co矿床富集成矿的制约     

田忠华  刘福来  刘超辉  朱志勇  王慧宁 《地质学报》2023,97(11):3673-3695

钴矿是重要的战略性金属矿产资源之一,对其成矿作用(如构造与成矿的关系)进行深入的研究能为前期指导找矿提供理论依据。本文对中国东部吉林白山市三道沟镇三岔河村大横路Cu-Co矿开展了相关工作,包括野外构造解析、钻孔-岩芯资料分析、钻孔薄片综合矿物分析系统(TIMA)实验和区域相关岩石年代学等。构造解析显示大横路Cu-Co矿围岩变形包括层片交切、S₁面理和褶劈理等构造要素。钻孔-岩芯资料分析矿区发育大量F₂紧闭褶皱、逆冲断层及断层相关褶皱、倒转褶皱F₂等。钻孔、探槽薄片样品TIMA实验显示含Co流体大量富集于低角度逆冲断裂、倒转褶皱韧性剪切域和断层相关褶皱转折端处。这些工作显示走向为NE的低角度逆冲断裂及断层相关褶皱对大横路Cu-Co矿的富集起到关键的控制作用。相关年代学工作,结合前人研究及大量区域地质资料表明:(1)矿区内逆冲断层及褶皱等控矿构造要素为古元古代构造事件的产物;(2)中生代构造事件对成矿作用的制约(Cu-Co矿的再富集)可能来自于白垩纪大规模的伸展作用。  相似文献   

库鲁克塔格赛马山前震旦纪地层地质事件研究     

李伟  常玲 《新疆地质》2011,29(1):26-31

库鲁克塔格赛马山地区前震旦纪地层,经历了多期变质变形作用改造.通过建立岩石序列和构造变形序列,解析变质变形作用,结合同位素地质年代学研究,厘定出该套地层在阜平、五台、吕梁、四堡、晋宁5个构造期发生的沉积作用、火山作用、变质作用、岩浆侵入活动及产生的构造形迹组合,在此基础上构建区域地质事件表.  相似文献   

U-Pb Dating of Volcanic Rocks and Granites along the Wuyishan Belt: Constraints on Timing of Late Mesozoic Tectonic Events in Southeast China     

XU Xianbing  ZHANG Yueqiao  JIA Dong  SHU Liangshu 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(1):130-144

Five volcanic rock samples and two granite samples taken from the volcanic basins in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi were dated by using the zircon laser albation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U-Pb method. Together with previously dated ages, the dates obtained provide important constraints on the timing of late Mesozoic tectonic events in SE China. The volcanic rock samples yield ages of 183.1±3.5 Ma, ca. 141 Ma to 135.8±1.1 Ma, 100.4±1.5 to 97.6±1.1 Ma, confirming three episodes of late Mesozoic volcanic activities, which peaked at 180±5 Ma, 140±5 Ma and 100±5 Ma, respectively, along the Wuyishan belt. Moreover, based on field investigations of these volcano-sedimentary basins, we have recognized two compressional tectonic events along this belt. The early one was characterized by Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic NNE-trending folds that were intruded by late Jurassic granites; and the late one caused the Lower Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary layer to be tilted. The dated age 152.9±1.4 Ma of the granitic samples from the Hetian granitic pluton in the Changting Basin and that from the Baishiding granitic pluton, 100.2±1.8 Ma, in the Jianning Basin, give the upper boundaries of these two tectonic events respectively. Hence, the late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of SE China was alternated between extension and compression.  相似文献   

Detrital Zircon Dating of Meso- and Neoproterozoic Rocks in North China and Its Implications   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Gao Linzhi  Liu Pengju  Yin Chongyu  Zhang Chuanheng  Ding Xiaozhong  LIU Yanxue  Song Biao 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(2):271-282

New dates from Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata contribute to the recently defined Precambrian stratigraphical timescale of China agreed by the Subcommission on the Precambrian System, and the National Commission on Stratigraphy of China on Nov. 24, 2009. First, the age range of the Changcheng System, including the Changzhougou, Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Dahongyu formations has been constrained to 1.8–1.6 Ga. Second, the Jixian System including the Gaoyuzhuang, Yangzhuang, Wumishan, Hongshuizhuang and Tieling formations has been constrained to 1.6–1.4 Ga. Third, an as-yet unnamed (undefined) system (1.4–1.0 Ga) is only developed in the Xiamaling Formation at the Jixian section, Tianjing. Fourth, the Qingbaikou System, including the Luotuoling and Jing’eryu formations has been constrained to 1.0–0.78 Ga. Fifth, the Nanhuan System ranges between 780–635 Ma, and the Sinian System is within 635–542 Ma. However, according to a series of SHRIMP U-Pb dates from the late Precambrian in the Jiangnan Orogen Belt in South China Platform, the constrained strata will be redefined as in the upper part of the Qingbaikou System. To aid global geodynamics, it is useful to denote a late Precambrian section with unified, precise and high-precision chronological dating; this is here defined in North China Block and Jiaoliao-Korean Block. However, the Neoproterozoic Qingbaikou study in North China will be influence in whole Meso- and Neoproterozoic in the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt in between the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block in South China.  相似文献   

Effects of an exceptional drought on daily activity patterns, reproductive behaviour, and reproductive success of reintroduced Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx)     

K. Ismail  K. KamalM. Plath  T. Wronski 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(2):125-131

Activity patterns, social behaviour, and reproductive success of Arabian oryx were monitored in a reintroduced population in Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area, Saudi Arabia. During the first year of the study, precipitation was 38% lower than the long-term average, whereas rainfall in the following year resulted in precipitation that was 92.8% of the long-term average. These dramatically different rainfall conditions corresponded with distinct patterns in various environmental parameters (air and soil temperature, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, air pressure). Daily activity patterns, the frequency of social behaviours, and foraging activity were significantly reduced during the drought period. The frequency of reproductive behaviour was significantly related to daytime, air temperature and radiation, with a pronounced reduction of reproductive activities during the drought. Monthly rates of conceptions were considerably lower during the drought. Our results substantiate the idea that extended dry periods affect the population development of Oryx, but also raise questions about habitat suitability and carrying capacity. Future management of Arabian oryx should consider extreme climatic events as factors influencing various aspects of the ecology and behaviour of this species. This aspect may become even more important in the face of climate change, including a future increase of extreme climatic events.  相似文献   

气候变化下极端水文事件的研究进展   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

张利平  杜鸿  夏军  徐霞 《地理科学进展》2011,30(11):1370-1379

气候异常变化导致洪涝灾害、干旱等极端水文事件的发生及其增加的水灾害风险正成为人类生存所面临的重大挑战。近年来,开展气候变化背景下流域极端水文事件的变化趋势、发生机理及其对气候变化的响应与预测研究正逐渐受到国内外众多学者的关注。本文从极端水文事件的定义、研究方法、水文极值分布函数、观测事实及模拟研究等方面分析评述了极端水文事件问题的研究现状和研究成果。在此基础上,讨论了研究现状存在的问题并对该领域未来研究方向进行了展望。  相似文献